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GPS (Global Positioning System) is a navigation facilities that are really popular nowadays among different layers of society. The aim of the system is the defining of the speed and position of the objects. It may detect the object at any place on Earth, even in polar territories and in outer space to one hundred kilometers above Earth in any weather conditions. The United States Department of Defense has developed and realized NAVSTAR GPS.

The basic principle of work is definition of the location by the method of measuring the distance to an object from the point with definite coordinates. The distance is detected by the counting the delay time of radio signal spreading from the satellite-transmitter to a GPS antenna which is a receiver. 3-D coordinates can be detected when GPS receiver will recognize the distance to 3 satellites and the time of the Global Positioning System. And when we want to define coordinates and altitude of GPS receiver we are to apply minimum 4 signals from 4 transmitters. The direction of the transmitters from Earth is realized in the control station that is located in Schriever base, Colorado.

Today GPS receivers are often applied for civil needs, mostly for position and velocity detection. GPS devices are being traded in diverse shops and they are built in mobile phones, personal computers and onboarders. GPS receiver gives you a possibility to define geographical coordinates of the receiver's location at the present moment. The accuracy of the situation definition is from three to five meters and when the signal is corrected from Earth it becomes higher and can be to 1 millimeter.

You can get GPS mapping software as well. This system helps a customer define his location that is shown on the electronic map.

GPS electronic maps are divided into 2 types. The first type is raster electronic maps, the simplest and the most available ones. This kind of electronic maps is a simple image of the country where the coordinates of a receiver are used. There are used various scales but it mostly depends on the primary variant of an electronic map. It may be both a photo from satellite and scanned paper map.

But vector maps have their own database within them. They have all the data about objects, their characteristics and situation. The country information contains the data about the entire object starting from rivers and ending with mountains that are situated in this territory. And of course, both raster and vector Global Positioning System maps will show you the information about the motels, cafes and restaurants, service stations in this place. So you can buy also portable GPS that will give you a convenience during the travel.

There are also some drawbacks that GPS has. The basic shortcoming is that Global Positioning System is radio-navigation arrangement and due to it signal may not be received in some circumstances. A consumer will be practically invisible for GPS signal in reinforced concrete buildings. But anyway it is the best way of defining your location for today.

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